Gingival GraftingTerminologyIn a healthy mouth, teeth are surrounded by gingiva and mucosa tissue. Gingiva (gum) tissue is pink, thick, and dense under a microscope. This tissue forms a tight seal around the teeth serving as a barrier against the penetration of bacteria to the underlying supporting bone. The gingiva also helps to withstand trauma from eating and brushing. The second type of tissue, mucosa, is found directly below gingiva. Mucosa tissue is red, very thin, and appears loose under a microscope. It does not seal tightly around the tooth, nor does it withstand trauma very well.
Reasons for Gingival GraftsWhen recession of the gingiva occurs, the body loses a natural defense against both bacterial penetration and trauma. When gum recession is a problem gum reconstruction using grafting techniques is an important option. When there is only minor recession, some healthy gingiva often remains and protects the tooth, so that no treatment other than modifying home care practices is necessary. However, when recession reaches the mucosa, the first line of defense against bacterial penetration is lost. For more severe gingival recession, a gingival graft is usually required. At this stage, no matter how meticulously the patient tries to control the bacteria, there is a greater chance of bacteria penetrating and affecting the underlying supporting bone around the tooth. In addition, gum recession often results in root sensitivity to hot and cold foods as well as an unsightly appearance of the gum and tooth. Also, gum recession, when significant, can predispose to worsening recession and expose the root surface, which is softer than enamel, leading to root caries or root decay and root gouging.
What is a Gingival Graft?A gingival graft is designed to solve these problems. A thin piece of tissue is taken from the roof of the mouth, or gently moved over from adjacent areas, to provide a stable band of attached gingiva around the tooth. This barrier prevents further recession and infection. This process also eliminates marginal inflammation, which is usually associated with a mucosal marginal gingival tissue. Exposed roots can sometimes be covered by placing a graft directly over the site. How Long is the Procedure?The visit to perform gingival graft takes about 30 to 60 minutes. The stitches are then removed approximately one week later, in about 10 minutes. One or two 10 minute check-ups may be required to ensure the area has healed properly. Is the Procedure Painful?No! Local anesthetic is necessary to perform a gingival graft. During the visit you will feel nothing once the area has been numbed. When the anesthetic wears off, there may be mild discomfort. Medication will be prescribed to control any discomfort you might experience. This procedure will not cause you to miss work or school. Benefits of Gingival GraftingThe gingival graft procedure is highly predictable, and results in a stable, healthy band of attached tissue. This added tissue reseals and protects the tooth and underlying bone. Both the graft site and the donor site will heal properly since the connective tissue contains the same genetic coding. In comparison to other forms of periodontal treatment, gingival grafts produce the following results.
In addition, gingival grafts are non-traumatic, require less time off for patients, and offer excellent long-term results. Treatment CostThe cost of a gingival graft varies by situation. However, Dr. Scholes will ensure this is discussed with you thoroughly before proceeding with any treatment. Your questions concerning cost or treatment are welcomed. |
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